Politics — Unit 10, Pre-intermediate to Intermediate English
Government, elections, policies, and political issues — vocabulary for talking about politics.
Reading: My First Election Day
I turned eighteen this year, so I could finally **vote** in the local **election**. Before the day, I read about each party's plans because I did not want to choose without thinking. My father said a strong **government** needs citizens who ask questions, especially when a new **policy** affects jobs, schools, or transport. At first I felt confused, but the more I read, the clearer the differences became.
On election morning, I joined a line outside the community hall. People of different ages were talking politely about their choices, which made the process feel serious and hopeful. Later that night, the results showed that no single party had full control, so leaders in **parliament** had to work together. Although my preferred candidate did not win, I felt proud because participation matters in a **democracy**, and future decisions are better when more citizens take part. Next year I plan to read candidate debates earlier, so I can compare ideas more carefully before election week begins.
Two things surprised me, and neither was the result.
The first was how ordinary the **polling station** was. I had imagined something official. It was the same hall where I played badminton on Wednesdays, with three tables, a woman who checked my name on a list, and a cardboard screen. She handed me a **ballot** paper, I marked one box with a pencil on a string, and I folded it and posted it in a plastic box. The whole thing took under two minutes.
The second was the turnout. Only thirty-one per cent of **voters** in our area went to the polls. In the street where I live that means roughly two houses in three did not take part at all. My neighbour told me afterwards that he had not voted for eleven years because "they are all the same". I did not know what to say to him, and I still don't, but I noticed he complained about the bus timetable twice in the same conversation.
The winning **candidate** took the seat with fewer than four thousand votes. She has already announced a **reform** of parking charges and a plan to **increase** **investment** in the two primary schools. Whether she can do either depends on a **majority** she does not really have.
I have signed up to help with a **campaign** next spring — not for a party, but for a group that registers new voters at the college.
I think that is where I can actually be useful.
Vocabulary from this unit
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| government | /ˈɡʌvənmənt/ | the group that controls a country | The government made a new law. |
| election | /ɪˈlekʃən/ | a vote to choose a government | There's going to be an election next year. |
| vote | /vəʊt/ | choose someone in an election | I vote in every election. |
| political party | /pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈpɑːti/ | a group with similar political ideas | Which political party do you support? |
| power | /ˈpaʊə/ | control over a country | The party is in power at the moment. |
| in power | /ɪn ˈpaʊə/ | in control of a country | They have been in power for five years. |
| leader | /ˈliːdə/ | the person in charge of a party | The leader of the party is very popular. |
| prime minister | /praɪm ˈmɪnɪstə/ | the head of government | The Prime Minister gave a speech. |
| parliament | /ˈpɑːləmənt/ | the group that makes laws | The new law was passed in parliament. |
| member of parliament (MP) | /ˈmembə əv ˈpɑːləmənt/ | an elected politician | She is an MP for the city. |
| elected | /ɪˈlektɪd/ | chosen by voting | She was elected to parliament. |
| majority | /məˈdʒɒrəti/ | more than half of the votes | They won the election with a majority. |
| Word / Phrase | Pronunciation | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| policy | /ˈpɒləsi/ | a plan of action | The government has a new policy on education. |
| tax | /tæks/ | money paid to the government | We pay tax on our income. |
| healthcare | /ˈhelθkeə/ | medical care for the public | Everyone should have good healthcare. |
| education | /ˌedjʊˈkeɪʃən/ | the system of teaching | The government should invest more in education. |
| public services | /ˈpʌblɪk ˈsɜːvɪsɪz/ | services provided by the government | The public services include hospitals and schools. |
| reduce | /rɪˈdjuːs/ | make less or smaller | The government wants to reduce taxes. |
| increase | /ɪnˈkriːs/ | make larger or more | They plan to increase spending on healthcare. |
| provide | /prəˈvaɪd/ | give or supply | The government provides money for schools. |
| support | /səˈpɔːt/ | help and encourage | The government should support poor families. |
| investment | /ɪnˈvestmənt/ | money put into something | There needs to be more investment in roads. |
| Word / Phrase | Pronunciation | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| candidate | /ˈkændɪdət/ | a person who wants to be elected | There are three candidates in my area. |
| campaign | /kæmˈpeɪn/ | a series of events to get votes | The party is running a campaign to get more votes. |
| elect | /ɪˈlekt/ | choose by voting | They elected a new leader. |
| voter | /ˈvəʊtə/ | a person who votes | Voters went to the polling station. |
| polling station | /ˈpəʊlɪŋ ˈsteɪʃən/ | a place where people vote | I went to the polling station to vote. |
| ballot | /ˈbælət/ | a piece of paper for voting | She put her ballot in the box. |
| majority | /məˈdʒɒrəti/ | more than half the votes | She won with a clear majority. |
| opposition | /ˌɒpəˈzɪʃən/ | parties not in power | The opposition parties disagree with the government. |
3 more vocabulary sections in the full unit.
This is the free sample from this unit. The full unit adds 1 more reading passage, comprehension questions with an answer key, the listening exercises, flashcards for the vocabulary above, and a speaking task — with your progress tracked so the next unit unlocks when you are ready for it.
Common questions
What level is this unit?
Pre-intermediate to Intermediate — roughly CEFR A2–B1. If you are not sure of your level, the course places you with a short diagnostic before you start rather than making you guess.
Do I need to pay to use this?
The reading passage and vocabulary on this page are free to read. The rest of the unit — the remaining passages, the exercises, the listening, the answer key and the progress tracking — is part of the paid General English course.
Is this British or American English?
British English spelling and vocabulary, which is what most learners in Azerbaijan are taught and what IELTS expects, though both are accepted in the exam.