The Countryside — Unit 14, Pre-intermediate to Intermediate English
Landscape, farming, countryside activities, environmental issues — and comparing rural and city life.
Reading: A Saturday Across the Valley
Last Saturday, my cousin and I left the noisy town early and walked towards a **hill** behind my grandparents' village. We followed a narrow **footpath** that crossed a wide **meadow**, where the grass was still wet from morning rain. Although the climb looked steep, it felt easy because the air was fresh and cool. At the top, we could see a small **farm**, a silver **stream**, and lines of dark **hedge** around old fields.
On our way down, we met Mr. Payne, a local **farmer** who was repairing a wooden gate. He told us that if visitors close every gate, sheep stay safe and crops grow better. We helped him carry tools to a **barn**, and he showed us a quiet **lane** that led to his orchard. Since his children now live in the city, he said weekends are the only time he can share these stories.
Before sunset, we sat near the **valley** and watched birds fly above the wheat. However, the most memorable moment was simple: hearing nothing but water, wind, and bells from distant cows. I realized that while city life is convenient, the countryside teaches patience. If I feel stressed again, I will return to that path and walk slowly, one field at a time.
We went back three weeks later, and Mr. Payne was there again, this time mending a length of **hedge** with a pair of gloves that had more holes than glove.
He talked to us for nearly an hour, and some of it was harder listening than the first time. He said the **farm** has been in his family since 1908 and that he will almost certainly be the last one on it. Land prices are high, milk prices are low, and neither of his children wants the work. "They are not lazy," he said. "They are sensible."
He also explained something I had never thought about. Those long dark lines of **hedge** we admired from the **hill** are not decoration. Each one is a wall, a windbreak and a home for birds, and it takes about thirty years to grow one properly and about a day to remove it.
Before we left he gave us a bag of apples from the orchard and refused to take anything for them.
On the walk down my cousin said something that has stayed with me. She said we go to the countryside to relax, and for the people who live there it is a place of work — and the two things are not the same thing at all.
I still love that path. But I close every **gate** behind me now, and I understand why it matters.
Vocabulary from this unit
| Word / Phrase | Pronunciation | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| hill | /hɪl/ | an area of land higher than the land around it | We climbed the hill for a better view. |
| valley | /ˈvæli/ | the low land between hills or mountains | The valley is very green in spring. |
| wood | /wʊd/ | a small forest | We walked through the wood. |
| forest | /ˈfɒrɪst/ | a large area of trees | The forest covers thousands of hectares. |
| lake | /leɪk/ | a large area of water surrounded by land | We swam in the lake. |
| river | /ˈrɪvə/ | a large natural flow of water | The river flows through the valley. |
| stream | /striːm/ | a small river | There's a stream running through the field. |
| field | /fiːld/ | an area of land for crops or animals | The fields are full of wheat. |
| meadow | /ˈmedəʊ/ | a field of grass | The meadow was full of wild flowers. |
| path | /pɑːθ/ | a small road for walking | We followed the path through the woods. |
| footpath | /ˈfʊtpɑːθ/ | a path for walking | There's a footpath leading to the farm. |
| gate | /ɡeɪt/ | a barrier that opens and closes | We opened the gate to enter the field. |
| fence | /fens/ | a structure that divides land | The farmer put up a new fence. |
| hedge | /hedʒ/ | a row of bushes | The hedge separated the two fields. |
| Word / Phrase | Pronunciation | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| farm | /fɑːm/ | a place where people grow food or keep animals | My uncle works on a farm. |
| farmer | /ˈfɑːmə/ | a person who works on a farm | The farmer was working in the fields. |
| crop | /krɒp/ | a plant that farmers grow for food | The main crops are wheat and barley. |
| grow | /ɡrəʊ/ | to make plants or food | Farmers grow vegetables and fruit. |
| harvest | /ˈhɑːvɪst/ | to pick or collect crops | They harvest the wheat in July. |
| livestock | /ˈlaɪvstɒk/ | animals kept on a farm | The livestock includes cows and sheep. |
| cattle | /ˈkætəl/ | cows and bulls kept for meat or milk | The farmer has 200 head of cattle. |
| sheep | /ʃiːp/ | farm animals with wool | There are over 500 sheep on the farm. |
| pig | /pɪɡ/ | a pink farm animal | Pigs are kept for meat. |
| chicken | /ˈtʃɪkɪn/ | a farm bird that lays eggs | We have 50 chickens. |
| dairy | /ˈdeəri/ | relating to milk production | They have a dairy farm. |
| arable | /ˈærəbəl/ | relating to growing crops | The region is mainly arable farming. |
| Word / Phrase | Pronunciation | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| go walking | /ɡəʊ ˈwɔːkɪŋ/ | walk for pleasure | We go walking in the countryside. |
| go hiking | /ɡəʊ ˈhaɪkɪŋ/ | walk a long way in the countryside | They went hiking in the mountains. |
| go cycling | /ɡəʊ ˈsaɪklɪŋ/ | ride a bike for pleasure | I go cycling at the weekend. |
| go fishing | /ɡəʊ ˈfɪʃɪŋ/ | try to catch fish | He goes fishing in the river. |
| go camping | /ɡəʊ ˈkæmpɪŋ/ | stay in a tent | We go camping in the summer. |
| have a picnic | /hæv ə ˈpɪknɪk/ | eat outside | We had a picnic by the lake. |
| explore | /ɪkˈsplɔː/ | walk around to discover new places | We explored the forest. |
| take photos | /teɪk ˈfəʊtəʊz/ | take photographs | I took photos of the beautiful scenery. |
| enjoy the view | /ɪnˈdʒɔɪ ðə vjuː/ | look at the beautiful scenery | We enjoyed the view from the hill. |
| wildlife watching | /ˈwaɪldlaɪf ˈwɒtʃɪŋ/ | watching animals in nature | We went wildlife watching in the national park. |
2 more vocabulary sections in the full unit.
This is the free sample from this unit. The full unit adds 1 more reading passage, comprehension questions with an answer key, the listening exercises, flashcards for the vocabulary above, and a speaking task — with your progress tracked so the next unit unlocks when you are ready for it.
Common questions
What level is this unit?
Pre-intermediate to Intermediate — roughly CEFR A2–B1. If you are not sure of your level, the course places you with a short diagnostic before you start rather than making you guess.
Do I need to pay to use this?
The reading passage and vocabulary on this page are free to read. The rest of the unit — the remaining passages, the exercises, the listening, the answer key and the progress tracking — is part of the paid General English course.
Is this British or American English?
British English spelling and vocabulary, which is what most learners in Azerbaijan are taught and what IELTS expects, though both are accepted in the exam.